Carbureter for hydrocarbon-engines.



I c. H. GLAUDEL. GARBURETER FOR HYDROGARBON ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY26. 1904.

PATENTED FEB. 6, 1906.

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PATBNTED FEB. 6, 190sv 0. H. CLAUDEL. OARBURETER FOR HYDROO'ARBON ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAYZG, 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHBET 2.

nrr s Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 6, 1906 Application filed May 26,1904. Serial No. 209,976.

' base upon the vaporization or gasification of combustible liqui s which are not capable of being va orized at the ordinary temperatures of t e atmosphere necessarily comprise means for heating these li uids, and this heating is generally obtaine by passin the whole or a art of the exhaustases o the motor whic is being supplie around a chamber or va orizer, into which the combustible liquid is injected. In order that appliances of this kind may be completely satisfactory, it is desirable to maintain the vaporizers at the minimum tem erature of vaporization'or gasification. 1? their tempera ture should rise, the gases produced expand and the energy that they are capable of de veloping filer unit of volume decreases, the re sult of w 'ch is a diminution in the power of the motor. Now the temperature of vaporizers tends to vary from one moment to another, as it depends upon the time since starting took lace, upon the external temperature, the ygrometric condition of the air, &c. it will therefore be understood that it is of the greatest importance either to be provided with means by which the temperature of the Vaporizers or the difference betweeh their temperature and that of the at mos here may be maintained constant.

T e invention relates mainly to means devised to this end, and which consists, broadly, in regulating the action of the exhaust-gases upon the vaporizer, utilizing for the heating of this latter a variable portion of the heat contained in these ases. To this end it is possible either to a ter the uantity of exhaust-gases which pass over t e va orizer or to vary the conditlons under whic the ex haust-gases act upon the vaporizer-for exam le, by altering the extent of surface with which these gases come into contact or the losses of heat due to radiation. Thesedifferent regulating means may either be employed separately or in combination.

ln order that the invention may be readily and clearly understood, 1 will now describe,

by way of example, referring to the accompartying drawings, a carbureter or vaporizer y means of which it may be carried into practice.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section through a carbureter with horizontal vaporizer-chamber in which the heating of this latter is regulated in the manner indicated above. Fig. 2 is a corresponding plan view. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section of the vaporizer-chamber; and Fig. 4: is an end elevation, the chamber for the float I) being omitted.

m is the vaporizer-chamber to be heated. It is placed at the center of the double envelop '11,, traversed by the column oi. exhaustgases. This chamber m is arranged eccentrically in such a manner that the exhaust gases may traverse at will two unsymmetrical circuits, as shown by the arrows 1 and 2.

in the path shown by the arrow 1, the door 11 bein in the position represented in dotted lines, fig. 3, the heating is especially intense, owing to the large vaporizer-surface placed in contact with the exhaustases. it is so much the more intense that t e passage 1 is protected from external radiation by a doule insulating layer :10. When, on the contrary, the door 43 is in the position shown in full lines, Fig. 3, a smaller vaporizer-surface is placed in contact with the column of exhaust-gases. The heating is therefore less intense. it is the less so because the outer wall tis adapted to permit of loss of heat by radiation. The heating may be still further diminished by permitting of the egress of a greater or less quantity of the exhaustgases through a branch pipe 2) with regulatingwalve g.

.Lll will be understood that the temperature of the vaporizei chamber may be regulated perfectly y imparting to the door i, accordmg to requirements, positions comprised between its two extreme positions that is to say, by varying the ratio of the quantities of exhaust-gases which pass through. 1 and 2. A more complete regulation may be obtained by c crating the cock g, permitting of altering t e respective quantities of hot gas which pass through 2 and v. i

The following is a general description of the vaporizer or carbureter represented as a whole: a is an ,inlet for spirit. I) is a float with valve insuring the constancy of the level of the spirit. w is a spring push-button which permits of depressing the float b by hand. 0 is an injector for spirit opening into bustible liquid in excess.

' vaporization takes place inm, an

the compartment 3 of an air-suction conduit 2, which communicates at p with the atmosphere and at 1" with the suction-pipe of the motor. A partition 5 forms in the conduit 2 a Second compartment 4, which is connected at s with the atmosphere by an orifice adj ustable by means of a register or damper z. This latter permits of increasing or decreasing the admission of air, and consequently the suction of combustible fluid produced by this air. 11 is an exhaust-socket for the come is a pin-cock for the petroleum; f, the inlet for the petroleum; g, a constant-level float for the petroleum; h, an injector for the petroleum; a, a baflie which divides the vaporizer-chamber m into two compartments, in one of which the injec tor h is contained, while the other is in communication, by means of the perforations formed in the Wall 0, with the compartment 3 mentioned above. 3 is the air-inlet permittin of the oxidation of the coke which may be ormed during'gasification. 7c is the inlet for the exhaust-gases around the vaporizer; i, the regulating-door mentioned above; 7', its operating-lever, and Z the outlet for the exhaust-gases. p

The operation is as follows: On starting, the pin-cock e is closed, and the suction of the motor causes air to enter through p and s and spirit through a b c. The mixture asses to the rnotorthrough 1'. When the e austgases in circulating around the vaporizer m in the manner indicated by the arrows, Fig. 1, have heated it sufiiciently, the cock e is opened. The suction of the motor then causes the burning. petroleum (or other combustible liquid) to enter through f h. The

' the vaporized combustible proceeds to the motor through 1' after having mingled with the air sucked in through 1) and s.

In respect to its general construction, arrangement, and mode of operation the comlete apparatus herein described has a number of eatures which are also found in a carbureter forming the subject-matter of another application for United States Letters Patent, Serial No. 209,97 5, filed by me on the same date herewith, and said features are not broadly claimed herein, being so claimed in the application just referred to.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. In a carbureter for supplying motors, the combination of a vaporization or gasification chamber, a casing surrounding this chamber and providing for the exhaust-gases of the motor a-passage having two arts which overlie different portions of said 0 amber, the outer Walls-of said parts being heatconducting toan unequal extent, and means for varing the distribution or circulation of the exliaust-gases' in the two parts of said passage.

the motor, said passage having two parts 2. In a carbureter for supplying motors, the combination of a vaporization or gasification chamber, a casing inclosing the same and providing for the exhaust-gases of the motor a passage having two parts which overlie different portions of said chamber, means for varying the distribution of the exhaustases in the two parts of said passage, and a eatinsulating layer covering the outer wall of one of said parts.

3. In a carbureter for supplying motors, the combination of a vaporization or gasification chamber, acasing inclosing the same and providing for the exhaust-gases of the motor a passage divided into two parts which overlie difierent portions of said chamber, the outer wall of one of these parts being thin and a good conductor of heat, and means for varying the distribution of the exhaust-gases in the two parts of said passa e.

4. In a carbureter for supp ying motors, the combination of a vaporization or gasification chamber, a casin inclosin the same and providing a passage or the eX aust-gases of the motor, a main outlet and a supplementary voutlet for the exhaust-gases each leading from said passage, and means for regulating the flow of said gases through the supplementary outlet.

5. In a carbureter for supplying motors, the combination of a vaporization or gasification chamber, a casin inclosin the same and providing a passage l or the ex aust-gases of which overlie different portions of said 0 amber, means for varying the.distribution or circulation of the exhaustases in the two parts of the passage, a supp ementary outlet eading from one of the parts of said passage, and means for regulating gases through the supplementary outlet.

'6. In a carbureter for supplying motors, the combination of a vaporization or gasification chamber, a casing inclosing thesame and providing for the exhaust-gases of the motor a passage having two parts which overlie different ortions of said chamber, the outer walls oi said parts being heat-conducting to an unequal extent, means for varying the distribution or circulation of the exhaust-gases in the two parts of said passage, a supplementary outlet leadingfrom one of the parts of the passage, and means for regulating the flow of said gases through the supplementary outlet.

7. In a carbureter for supplying motors, the combination of a vaporization or gasification chamber, a casing inclosing the same and providing a passage for the exhaust-gases of the motor, said passage being divided into two parts which overlie diflerent portions of said chamber, a heat-insulating layer covering a portion of the outer walls of one of said parts, means for varying the distribution or circulation of the exhaust-gases in the two the flow of said IIO eading from one of the parts .of said passage, and means for regulating the flow. of said gases through the sup lementary outlet.

8. In a carburetor or supplymg motors a vaporization or asification chamber with horizontal axis divided into two communicating compartments by a vertical bafiielate, a combustible liquid-injector, opening into one of the compartments, and an airsuction conduit in communication on the one hand with the atmosphere on the other hand with'the sucti0n-pipe of the-motor'and separated from the second compartment of the chamber b means of a perforated partition, substantia l as described andrepresented'.

9. A car ureter for supplying motors com rising in combination a vaporization or gasi cation chamber with horizontal axis and divided into two communicating com artments b -a vertical baffle-plate, a smal airinlet an an injector for combustible liquid opening into one of the compartments, and an air-suction conduit in communication on the one hand with'the atmosphere, on the other hand with the suction-pipe of the motor and separated from the second compartment of the chamber by a perforated partition substantially as described and illustrated.

10. A carbureter for supplying motors comprising, in combination, a vaporization or gasification chamber with horizontal axis divided into two communicatin compartments by means of a vertical ba e-plate, an injector for combustible liquid not capable of being vaporized at the ordinary temperature, opening 1nto one of the compartments, means for heating the chamber, an air-suction conv duit in communication on the one hand with the atmosphere, on the other hand 'with'the, suction-pipe of the motor and separated from the secon compartment of the va 'orizationchamber by means of a er'r'orate artition, and an in ector for v0 atile liqui opening into the said conduit, substantially as described and represented and for the purpose indicated.

11. A carbureter for supplying motors comprising, in combination, a vaporization or gasification chamber with horizontal axis divided into two communicating compartments by a vertical baflieplate, an injector for combustible liquid not capable of being vaporized at the ordinary temperature opening into one of the compartments, means for heating the chamber, an air-suction conduit divided into two longitudinal compartments by a partition, each of the said compartments being in communication on the one hand with the atmosphere on the other hand with the suction-pipe of motor and one of them being separated from the second comarts of the passage, a supplementary outlet.

partment of the chamber by a perforated partition, an injector for volatile liquid opening into the compartment of the conduit which is connected to the chamber, and means for regulating the admission of air into the other compartment of the conduit, substantially as described and illustrated and for the ,urpose indicated.

12. n a carburetor for supplying motors, the combination of a vaporization or gasification chamber divided by a baffle-plate into two communicating compartments, a casing enveloping said chamber and passage for the exhaust-gases o the motor, means for varying the quantity of heat given up by these gases to said chamber, means for injecting liquid combustible into one of the compartments of said'chamber, and an airsuction conduit adapted to lead from the at mosphere to the suction-pipe of the motor and se arated from the second compartment of sai chamber by'means of a perforated partition.

13. In a carbureter for supplying motors, thecombination of avaporization or gasification chamber divided by a baflie-plate into two communicating compartments, a casing enveloping said chamber and roviding a passage for the exhaustases o the motor, said passa e being divi ed into. two arts which over ie difierent portions of said 0 am: ber, means for varying the distribution or circulation of the exhaust-gases in thetwo parts of'the passage, means for injecting liquid combustible into one of the compartments of said chamber, and an air-suction conduit adapted to lead from the atmosphere to the suction-pipe of the motor and se aratedfrom thesecond compartment of sai chamber by a perforated partition.

14. In a carburetor for supplying motors, the combination of a vaporization or gasifica tion chamber divided by a baffle-plate into two communicating compartments, a casing enveloping said chamber and providing a passage for the exhaust-gases of the motor, a supplementary outlet leading from said passa e and means for regulating the flow of said gases through the same, means for injecting liquid combustible into one of the compartments of said chamber, and an airsuction conduit adapted to lead from the atdnosphere to the suction-pipe of the motor and se arated from the second compartment of sai chamber by means of a perforated partition.

i In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, in presence of two subscribing witnesses, this Qthda of Ma 1904.

CHARL S HE RI CLAUDEL.

Witnesses:

RENE PIoARD; r HENRY AUoUsTE BERTIN.

fproviding a iro 

